{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/pz51g0jg1q/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["FIAT/IFTA Media Studies Grant session"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/123/original/IASA-FIAT-Logo.png?1603820464","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Venue"]},"value":{"en":["a. Stage"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2020-10-29"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Paper"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Ornella Castiglione (Speaker)","Melissa Barkat-Defradas (Speaker)","Alexandre Suire (Speaker)","Dana Mustata (Moderator)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["To enhance collaboration between research and archive communities and ensure the valorization of academic knowledge for archival practice as well as to promote research of holdings of member television archives, the FIAT/IFTA Media Studies Commission has set up the Media Studies Grant. This programme offers support for research done at member television archives with the aim to study archival material or archiving practices from these institutions. Priority is given to projects that research topics that are relevant for the history of the archive institution, for European television history or for archival practice.The grantees of the 2020 edition of the Media Studies Grant will present their results during this session:Alexandre Suire and Melissa Barkat-Defradas : Evolution of human pitch: Preliminary analyses in the French population using INA audiovisual archives of Vox PopsOrnella Castiglione : Exploring Rai Digital Archives: a new Didactical Methodology for Social Inclusion and Discovery of the Environment"]}},{"label":{"en":["Temp"]},"value":{"en":["FIAT_IASA1106"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["410"]}}],"summary":{"en":["To enhance collaboration between research and archive communities and ensure the valorization of academic knowledge for archival practice as well as to promote research of holdings of member television archives, the FIAT/IFTA Media Studies Commission has set up the Media Studies Grant. This programme offers support for research done at member television archives with the aim to study archival material or archiving practices from these institutions. Priority is given to projects that research topics that are relevant for the history of the archive institution, for European television history or for archival practice.The grantees of the 2020 edition of the Media Studies Grant will present their results during this session:\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eAlexandre Suire and Melissa Barkat-Defradas : Evolution of human pitch: Preliminary analyses in the French population using INA audiovisual archives of Vox Pops\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOrnella Castiglione : Exploring Rai Digital Archives: a new Didactical Methodology for Social Inclusion and Discovery of the Environment\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["FIAT IASA 2020"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["FIAT IASA 2020"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/123/original/IASA-FIAT-Logo.png?1603820464","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/100/853/small/open-uri20201105-742-1ta46kn_1604615255.jpg?1604597262","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 3 - open-uri20201105-742-1ta46kn.mp4"]},"duration":1964.005,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/100/853/small/open-uri20201105-742-1ta46kn_1604615255.jpg?1604597262","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-fiatiasa2020.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/100/853/original/open-uri20201105-742-1ta46kn.mp4?1604597253","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1964.005,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Good afternoon, everyone. Good morning. Good evening. For some welcome to our last day of our joining the 2020 Work Conference. Welcome to our living room are now joining us for the this section of the media studies grants. And we're happy to present you in session, our research laureates and the research for this year. For those of you who do not know the media studies, we are we are a working group within society. And our role is really to facilitate and disseminate research into member archives. I leave for those of you who are interested to read more about our work over the years and our membership. A link in the touch for you that you can check out after the presentations today. We are really our group is made up of academics and archivists ranging from countries such as Austria, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Japan and Luxembourg. And I'm probably missing a few others. So I'll leave the touch for you. The link in the touch for you to check out later. And I'm happy, as I was saying, to present you today, the research work that we've commissioned for this year. We've had two research projects. And our first project is really, for me, really a good example of how to use digital humanities tools to do research on digital datasets. It's a research project on the evolution of human speech, really based, as I was saying, on digital humanities, humanities tools. Our presenters for today are Melissa Barcott defrauders and Melissa Leo. Introduce her briefly. Melissa is Missy. Melissa obtained her, she has a fascinating biography of her PhD in forensic linguistics at the University of Leon. She received the Young Researcher Award for her work in automatic language identification. She's had a research fellowship at University of California, Berkeley, after where she joined the French National Center for Scientific Research.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=826.55,978.32"},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She's now a full time researcher at the Institute of Evolutionary Sciences of Montpellier in France, and she actively contributes to developing interdisciplinary research and trying to bridge the gap between experimental phonetics and evolutionary biology. And she has worked on her research project together with Alexander, Suheir and Alexander has appeared in evolutionary biology. He has. He's doing his part. He studied human speech within an evolutionary perspective. And most specifically, he looked at how human voice has evolved through a mechanism called sexual selection, understanding how humans use their voice in order to seduce sexual and romantic partners. Very interesting. And currently, he's a post-doctoral researcher in Japan and Kenya and he studies baboon's communication and group movement. So both Melissa and Alexander have worked with digital data sets at Inam and also saying they have really looked at the evolution of human speech to really try to trace historical evolution and patterns of social and cultural change when it comes to human speech. Without any further ado, I'll give the floor now to Melissa. Feel free. Those of you who are watching us right now to put your questions in the chat and at the end will feed those questions into the night. Melissa Butler of yours, hello. Thank you very much. Thank you very much, Diana, for this presentation. So I am indeed today presenting the work that we conducted together with Alex Jones to you, who was my Ph.D. student and who is now postdoc in Japan. And we thank the Fiat Association for their invitation to present our work to do so. First of all, one may bear in mind that a voice is not only useful for conveying semantic information to other people, it might be as it should also be regarded as a powerful social object.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=978.56,1113.559"},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which role is crucial in the context of human relationships? And typically, by using oral communication, human speakers are not only able to share their ideas or their emotions, but they are also able to signal some reliable social biological features to their interlocutors, such as, for example, sex, their age, their health or social status, among other things that can be conveyed through voice of vocal characteristics. So you may need a little anatomical perquisite in order to understand what we are talking about a little bit later. So something important to note to bear in mind is that before is that up until sexual maturity, the vocal trend, human vocal, human vocal tract length is known to grow without any sexual reformism. The more schism between boys and girls until their puberty. But at puberty, as we know and under the influence of androgenous, the larynx descends further in men than in females, as you can see on this figure, and on average. This results in the fact that men's vocal tract is about 15 percent longer in men than women. And moreover, there is another effect of testosterone on the on the larynxes of of men, because it it it causes an important enlargement of this of the larynx, which is 60 percent larger in men than in women on average. It also is androgens also lead to lengthen and thicken the vocal folds. And the consequence of all these anatomical modifications that make that occur during sexual maturity, that is during puberty, is that a longer the longer vocal tract of men is explains why they their vocal heat is lower than in women and typically in average, the voice of of a male is around 110 hertz when it is around 230 hertz for women.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=1113.71,1288.45"},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you can see this, this is the distribution of these voice pitch values, the second figure that you can see here and which comes from a paper we recently published with Alexander on the differences between vocal characteristics of men and women. So you can see that there is no overlap here in the value of of the vocal heat between men and women. Actually, in French, which is important because as we're going to see that there may be some differences and significant differences, depending on the language that we that we are talking. So. OK, so. As I just told you, it has been suggested that apart from the tonal variations that are due to those physical anatomical differences between men and women I just mentioned, vocal registers can also vary from one language to another. And, for instance, in in several studies have reported that there is a wider variability in voice speech between languages. So in this cross linguistic study, Transmuter and his colleague Hazam has shown, for example, that a Bulgarian or Polish Menom attests how your vocal hate then, for example, German or British men, as you can see. Oh, sorry. Or American men, as you can see here. And likewise, you can see for women that. The. And you can see as well for women here, no, it doesn't work, OK? Never mind that no women speak higher than Europe, for example, Bulgarian women as compared to German women. So besides, it has been suggested that some vocal specificities can also be due to the environment. And that part of what makes male versus female speech a variation is we feel that some of the differences between male and female speech variation are due to two social factors and learned and that we are learned by your children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=1290.36,1455.839"},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this learning is possible on the one hand, because they are exposed to gendered vocal models and by the fact that they imitate, they may imitate the same same the same sex parents vocal habits. So these gendered vocal models. Complied to the social, the representations that are linked to femininity or masculinity in a given social or cultural environment. So to do to continue on this on this on this topic of dealing with the cultural effect or linguistic effect on unknown and vocal characteristics. There is a pioneer cross-cultural study which was performed by an author called Bezuidenhout. He was a Deutche and he showed that in his paper he showed that there are significant differences in voice speech that are observed between Japanese versus Dutch. Women are significant, and the Japanese women talk with a very higher voice register than Dutch women. And this. OK, everyone, we are experiencing some technical difficulties at the moment, we're trying to get Melissa sound back, so bear with us while we figure it out. Thank you. Thank you, everyone, for bearing with us we have Melissa back, so hand over to her right away, Melissa. The floor is yours. Yes, I'm sorry, but I have to just to explain that I lost my Internet connection, so I may need some help in order to find it back again. All right. So if I can be help for this, I'm trying to do this work now. Yes. All right. So I continue made my speech. I'm sorry about that. So I was do I have to go back somewhere because I don't know where I lost you. Do you have any idea, though, now of whether I have to go? OK, so as I was saying that you have understood that Dutchmen tend to show preferences to what culturally congruent voices that are related to the values attributed to femininity in their own cultural context.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=1456.89,1778.03"},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some evidence suggested that gender representations have significantly evolved over, at least for women in Western society. And several studies indeed have shown that women are increasingly moving away from feminine stereotypes by adopting traits that are or I should say, that we're up to now generally associated with masculinity such as competitiveness, independence and leadership. So overall, this variation of these various examples imply that voice is also subjected to evolution in the same way vocal preferences evolve through time. So. So two previous studies have shown PINCHE has indeed changed or evolved. Across time. So, for example, in a study, Pemberton and his colleagues compared the recordings of Australian women between 1945 and 1993, and they compared Duncker using recordings from these two groups, groups of women. And their results show there is a difference in vocal hate, which is about 23 hertz between those two groups of women. So voice pitch has been found to be significantly lower in 1993 for an Australian woman than it was in 1945. And likewise, there is another study that has shown shown that the voice pitch of French journalists had also lowered over the past 50 years. However, besides these two studies based on a very, very small number of observations, we can see that they reveal interesting patterns and we felt it necessary to test a larger sample size in order to confirm these trends for. So so in this context, we thought that audio visual archives could offer a unique opportunity to tackle the issue and the research project, we proposed to the Fiat IFTA Association aimed at exploring the evolution of both male and female voice pitch in the French general population using TV archives, which were put at our disposal by the French National Institute of Audio Visual.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=1780.67,1951.429"},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we focused on vox pops that were recorded for television use, which we thought were more representative for how individuals vocally behave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853#t=1951.71,1963.74"}]},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/100853/transcript/22298/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/298/original/1612827051_open_uri20201105_742_1ta46kn.vtt?1616967393","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/298/original/1612827051_open_uri20201105_742_1ta46kn.vtt?1616967393"}]}]},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105201","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 3 - 1612807601_open-uri20201105-742-151jjs6.mp4"]},"duration":2316.005,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/201/small/1612807601_open-uri20201105-742-151jjs6.mp4_1612807627.jpg?1612789631","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105201/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105201/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-fiatiasa2020.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/105/201/original/1612807601_open-uri20201105-742-151jjs6.mp4?1612789624","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2316.005,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105201","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]},{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105202","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 3 - 1612807647_open-uri20201105-742-yicw1o.mp4"]},"duration":2009.616,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/202/small/1612807647_open-uri20201105-742-yicw1o.mp4_1612807663.jpg?1612789667","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105202/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105202/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-fiatiasa2020.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/105/202/original/1612807647_open-uri20201105-742-yicw1o.mp4?1612789661","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2009.616,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://fiatiasa2020.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1193/collection_resources/32120/file/105202","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}